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Crinum natans Baker (1898, Flora of Tropical Africa
7: 396), is one of the three species of Crinum which is
completely aquatic, the others being C. calamistratum
and C. thaianum. They spend all their life under the surface
of the water but blooming. Other species (i.e. C. americanum,
C. erubescens, C. purpurascens, C. campanulatum and many
others) have only the roots and the bulb in the water, seasonally
or not.
In nature C. natans occurs in perennial streams of
Tropical West Africa (Guinea, Cameroun, Sierra Leone, Ghana,
Nigeria...). Formally described in 1898, it was found in Fernando
Po by G. Mann in 1862 in fresh water, whereas Sir John Kirk,
who sent collected bulbs and seeds to the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew, in 1895, describes it inhabiting rivers with waters at about
25°C (77F). |

Bot. Mag. Tav. 7862, 1902
From the Digital Library of the Missouri
Botanical Garden |
It has a small ovoid bulb, only 3-4 cm (1.1-1.6") in
diameter, offsetting, submerged. The leaves, about 100 cm (39")
long and 5 cm (2") wide (usually much less), waved, are
arranged in a rosette and float. The flower stalk arises amid
the leaves and grows up well above the water level. It carries
three to five flowers which are completely white; only the pollen
is yellow. The segments are about 10 cm (4") long. It is
sweetly fragrant.
Nigerians use the plant to ward off ill health in new-born
infants. Only a feeble toxicity has been shown for this species,
unlike other members of this genus. |